Fanconi syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Fanconi syndrome could be the result or complication of various causes affecting the normal function of Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) ; in a simple and useful classification method, the causes could be classified as:

• Genetic causes
  • Accumulation of a toxic substance (e.g. Cystinosis, Tyrozinemia, Lysinuric Protein Intolerance, Glycogen Storage Diseases, Galactosemia, wilson, fructose intolerance)
  • Energy provision failure (e.g. Mitochondriopathies)
  • Disruption of endocytosis and intra-cellular transport (e.g. ARC syndrome, Lowe syndrome and Dent disease).
• Environmental causes (e.g. Heavy metals exposure, Drugs, Chemotherapy)
• Acquired causes (e.g. Multiple myeloma, Amyloidosis, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)

Causes

Genetic Causes

• Accumulation of a toxic substance
  • Cystinosis
    • The most common inherited cause of Fanconi syndrome in children
  • Tyrozinemia
  • Lysinuric Protein Intolerance
  • Glycogen Storage Diseases
  • Galactosemia
  • Wilson
  • Fructose intolerance

Environmental causes

• Nephrotic syndrome
• Multiple myeloma
• Sjögren syndrome
• Renal transplantation
• Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis (TINU) syndrome
• Autoimmune interstitial nephritis and membranous nephropathy
• Anorexia nervosa
• Untreated condition of distal renal tubular acidosis

Acquired causes

• Drugs
  • Anti-retroviral drugs
    • Adefovir
    • Tenofovir
    • Didanosine
    • Cidofovir

• • Antibacterial Drugs
    • Tetracyclines
    • Aminoglycosides

• • Anticonvulsants
    • Valproic acid
• Heavy metals
  • Lead
  • cadmium
  • Mercury
• Chemotherapy

• • Alkylating and Platinating Agents
    • Cisplatin
    • Streptozocin
    • Carboplatin
    • Ifosfamide

• • Mercaptopurine.

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of disease name include:

• [Cause1]
• [Cause2]
• [Cause3]

Genetic Causes

• [Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

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