Hypocalcemia classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
There is a functional classification of hypocalcemia which includes complete absent of PTH gland, PTH insufficiency and PTH overactivity.
Classification
- Hypocalcemia may be classified functionally into following subtypes:
Absence of PTH
- Absence of PTH is primarily seen in[1][2][3][4]
- Hereditary hypoparathyroidism
- Acquired hypoparathyroidism
- Hypomagnesemia
PTH Insufficiency
- PTH insufficiency is seen in active vitamin D lacking which is seen in
- Dietary intake
- Insufficient exposure to sunlight
- Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1
- Chronic renal failure
- PTH insufficiency is seen in active vitamin D ineffectiveness which is seen in
- Intestinal malabsorption
- Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 2
- Pseudoparathyroidism
PTH Overwhelmed
- PTH overactivity which is seen in
- Severe hypophosphatemia
- Tumor Lysis syndrome
- Acute renal failure
- Rhabdomyolysis
References
- ↑ Riccardi D, Brown EM (March 2010). "Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 298 (3): F485–99. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00608.2009. PMC 2838589. PMID 19923405.
- ↑ Sarkar S, Mondal M, Das K, Shrimal A (September 2012). "Mucocutaneous manifestations of acquired hypoparathyroidism: An observational study". Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 16 (5): 819–20. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.100637. PMC 3475912. PMID 23087872.
- ↑ Sturniolo G, Lo Schiavo MG, Tonante A, D'Alia C, Bonanno L (2000). "Hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy: a clinical biological study and surgical considerations". Int. J. Surg. Investig. 2 (2): 99–105. PMID 12678507.
- ↑ Pattou F, Combemale F, Fabre S, Carnaille B, Decoulx M, Wemeau JL, Racadot A, Proye C (July 1998). "Hypocalcemia following thyroid surgery: incidence and prediction of outcome". World J Surg. 22 (7): 718–24. PMID 9606288.