Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
MPGN has been assessed firstly based on the symptoms and signs of patients. These signs and symptoms are mostly related and same as kidneys disfunction such as, edema, hematuria and symptoms come after Nephrotic syndrome.
History and Symptoms
Patients with MPGN may present in 1 of 5 ways, as follows:[1]
- Asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria detected on routine urinalysis (23-30%)
- Nephrotic syndrome (42-67%)
- Acute nephritic syndrome (16-30%)
- Recurrent episodes of gross hematuria (10-20%)
- Azotemia
- Asymptomatic presentation: Proteinuria and hematuria may be detected on routine urinalysis, prompting further investigations.
- Gross hematuria: Patients may have episodes of gross hematuria similar to those observed with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. These episodes are usually associated with upper respiratory infection.
- Edema: Periorbital or dependent edema may develop in patients with nephritic or nephrotic presentations.
- Fatigue: This symptom is secondary to anemia or azotemia. The anemia often is disproportional to the degree of renal insufficiency and relates to complement-mediated lysis of red cells.
- Oliguria: Patients with an acute nephritic presentation may develop a decrease in urine output.
- Azotemic symptoms: Patients may develop acute renal failure with the acute nephritic syndrome, which usually correlates with crescentic transformation on histology. Other patients may present with advanced chronic renal insufficiency.
References
- ↑ Elizabeth C. Jackson, MD, A. James McAdams, MD, C. Frederic Strife, MD, Judith Forristal, Thomas R. Welch, MD, Clark D. West, MD (1987). "Differences Between Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Types I and III in Clinical Presentation, Glomerular Morphology, and Complement Perturbation". American Journal of Kidney Disease. 9.