Endometrial cancer classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]
Overview
Endometrial cancer may be classified according to histology into either type I comprising 80% of endometrial cancers or type II accounting for around 20%.
Classification
Endometrial cancer may be classified according to histology into 2 types:
- Type I
- Type II
Type | Histology | Prognosis | Pathogenesis | Prevalence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Type I | Endometroid (adenocarcinoma) | Favorable (estrogen-responsive) | *May arise from atypical hyperplasia// *Linked to unopposed estrogen stimulation | 80% |
Type II | *Endometroid *Serous *Clear cell *Mucinous *Squamous *Mesonephric *Undifferentiated | Typically bad prognosis | *Develops from atrophic endometrium *Not linked to hormonally driven pathogenesis |
15-20% |
Classification Based on Pathogenesis
- Endometrial cancers are classified into either type 1 or type 2:[1]
- Type 1 may arise from complex atypical hyperplasia and is pathogenetically linked to unopposed estrogenic stimulation.
- Type 2 develops from atrophic endometrium and is not linked to hormonally driven pathogenesis.
Classification Based on Histopathological Subtype
There are 7 subtypes of endometrial cancer based on histopathology:
- 1. Endometrioid (75%–80%)(The most common endometrial cancer cell type is endometrioid adenocarcinoma, which is composed of malignant glandular epithelial elements)
- Ciliated adenocarcinoma
- Secretory adenocarcinoma
- Papillary or villoglandular
- Adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation
- Adenoacanthoma
- Adenosquamous (Adenosquamous tumors contain malignant elements of both glandular and squamous epithelium)
- 2. Uterine papillary serous (<10%)
- 3. Mucinous (1%)
- 4. Clear cell (4%)
- 5. Squamous cell (<1%)
- 6. Mixed (10%)
- 7. Undifferentiated