Distal radius fracture classification
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Distal radius fracture Microchapters |
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Distal radius fracture classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Distal radius fracture classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Distal radius fracture classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
There are multiple classifications available for distal radius fractures. The most common classification systems for distal radius fractures include Frykman, Melone, Fernández, Universal, and AO classification. (Marsh et al. 2007).
Classification
There are multiple classifications available for distal radius fractures. The most common classification systems for distal radius fractures include Frykman (1967), Melone (1984), Fernández (2001), Universal (Cooney 1993), and AO classification (Marsh et al. 2007).[1][2][3][4]
Frykman Classification
| Frykman Classification | |
|---|---|
| I | Extra-articular |
| II | Extra-articular with ulnar fracture |
| III | Intra-articular into radiocarpal joint |
| IV | Intra-articular into radiocarpal joint with ulnar fracture |
| V | Intra-articular into radioulnar joint |
| VI | Intra-articular into radioulnar joint with ulnar fracture |
| VII | Intra-articular into radiocarpal + radioulnar joints |
| VIII | Intra-articular into radiocarpal + radioulnar joints with ulnar fracture |
Melone Classification
| Melone Classification | ||
|---|---|---|
| I | Undisplaced, no or minimal comminution | |
| II | Die punch fracture with moderate to severe displacement | |
| A | Reducible | |
| B | Irreducible | |
| III | Spike fragment present | |
| IV | Wide separation of intra-articular fragments | |
| V | Explosion fracture with severe comminution, transverse split and rotational displacement | |
Fernández Classification
Type 1 Bending fracture of metaphysis Type 2 Shearing fracture of joint surface Type 3 Compression fracture of joint surface Type 4 Avulsion fractures or radiocarpal fracture-dislocation Type 5 Combined fractures associated with high high-velocity injuries
OTA System
The Trauma Association classification is widely accepted and under constant review. (More details available here.)
- (21-A) Extra-articular
- (21-A2) Radius only
- (21-A3) Radius and ulna
- (21-B) Articular fracture involving articular surface of only one of the two bones
- (21-B2) Radius fractured, ulna intact
- (21-B3) Articular of one bone, extra-articular of other
- ((21-C) Articular fracture involving articular surface of two bones
- (21-C2) Simple of one, multifragmentary of other
- (21-C3) Multifragmentary of both
References
- ↑ Frykman G (1967). "Fracture of the distal radius including sequelae--shoulder-hand-finger syndrome, disturbance in the distal radio-ulnar joint and impairment of nerve function. A clinical and experimental study". Acta Orthop Scand: Suppl 108:3+. PMID 4175195.
- ↑ Fernandez DL (2001). "Distal radius fracture: the rationale of a classification". Chir Main. 20 (6): 411–25. PMID 11778328.
- ↑ Melone CP (1984). "Articular fractures of the distal radius". Orthop Clin North Am. 15 (2): 217–36. PMID 6728444.
- ↑ Melone CP (1993). "Distal radius fractures: patterns of articular fragmentation". Orthop Clin North Am. 24 (2): 239–53. PMID 8479722.