Guillain-Barré syndrome epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]

Overview

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, autoimmune, polyradiculoneuropathy affecting the peripheral nervous system, usually triggered by an acute infectious process. The incidence is approximately 1.2 - 3 / 100,000 persons per year across the world. It is commoner in males compared to female and has two peaks (15-35 years and 50-75 years). Incidence is similar across different races.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• Incidence vary from 0.4 to 4.0 cases per population of 100 000.

Case mortality rate

• in previous studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome mortality rate was 2.58%.

Age

• It can happen in any age group but it’s more common in late adolescence.
• The reason behind this is that immune suppressor mechanisms will decrease with age.

Races

• It was demonstrated in one study that the incidence rate for whites were 0.44 and for blacks were 0.28 per 100,000, but it seems that despite all of these, the incidence is similar across different races.

Gender

• It is more common among males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1.