Testicular cancer epidemiology and demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2], Rim Halaby, M.D. [3], Shanshan Cen, M.D. [4]
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Overview
Testicular cancer is a rare type cancer accounting about 0.5% of all new cancer cases in U.S. In 2018, the estimate prevalence of testicular cancer is approximately 9,310 new cases of testicular cancers in the United States. The incidence of testicular cancer is approximately 5.7 per 100,000 men per year based on 2011-2015 report in the United States. The majority of cases are reported in New Zealand. Testicular cancer commonly affects more white males than any other races and black males are less affected by it. Testicular cancer is commonly affects men aged 20-44 years old and median age is 33 years old.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- In the United States, the estimate prevalence of testicular cancer is approximately 9,310 new cases in 2018.[3]
Incidence
- The incidence of testicular cancer is approximately 5.7 per 100,000 men per year based on 2011-2015 report in the United States.[3]
Age
- Testicular cancer is more common among men aged 20-44 years old.[2]
- Median age is 33 years old.[2]
- Germ cell tumors of the testis are the most common cancer in young adults.[1]
Mortality rate
- The 5 years of survival rate for patients with testicular cancer are 95.3% in 2008-2014.[3]
Race
- Testicular cancer is more common in white males compared to other races.[3]
- The incidence of testicular cancer in African American is lower than that among white people;[4] however, African American subjects tend to present at later stages of the disease due to a delayed presentation.[4]
- The incidence of germ cell testicular cancer among African Americans increased between 1988 and 1998.[5]
- Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted prevalence of testicular cancer by race in 2011 in the United States.[6]
| All Races | White | Black | Asian/Pacific Islander | Hispanic | |
| Age-adjusted prevalence | 88.1 per 100,000 | 108.4 per 100,000 | 19.3 per 100,000 | 28.2 per 100,000 | 64.2 per 100,000 |
- Shown below is an image depicting the incidence of testicular cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.[6]
API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native
Developed Countries
- The highest rates of incidence in New Zealand, followed by United Kingdom, Australia, Sweden, United States, Poland, and Spain.[1]
Developing Countries
- Testicular cancer is uncommon in Asia and Africa.[7]
- The lowest incidence of testicular cancer is in India.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shanmugalingam T, Soultati A, Chowdhury S, Rudman S, Van Hemelrijck M (October 2013). "Global incidence and outcome of testicular cancer". Clin Epidemiol. 5: 417–27. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S34430. PMC 3804606. PMID 24204171.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (January 2019). "Cancer statistics, 2019". CA Cancer J Clin. 69 (1): 7–34. doi:10.3322/caac.21551. PMID 30620402.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Testicular Cancer - Cancer Stat Facts".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Gajendran VK, Nguyen M, Ellison LM (2005). "Testicular cancer patterns in African-American men". Urology. 66 (3): 602–5. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.03.071. PMID 16140086.
- ↑ McGlynn KA, Devesa SS, Sigurdson AJ, Brown LM, Tsao L, Tarone RE (2003). "Trends in the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors in the United States". Cancer. 97 (1): 63–70. doi:10.1002/cncr.11054. PMID 12491506.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ Chia VM, Quraishi SM, Devesa SS, Purdue MP, Cook MB, McGlynn KA (2010). "International trends in the incidence of testicular cancer, 1973-2002". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 19 (5): 1151–9. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0031. PMC 2867073. PMID 20447912.