Radiation proctitis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
Causes
Common Causes
Common causes in the development of radiation proctitis include:
- Dose of the radiation: <45 Gy are associated with few long-term radiation side effects. In contrast, doses between 45 and 70 Gy cause more complications, and doses above 70 Gy cause significant and longstanding injury to the surrounding area
- Area of the radiation
- Mode of the delivery of the radiation External beam radiation, typically administered by a linear accelerator, results in significantly greater exposure to surrounding organs as compared with brachytherapy, where radiation is administered via radioactive implants. Newer modalities of external beam radiation delivery, including three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and the use of heavy particles including protons and neutrons, may be associated with a reduced risk of radiation toxicity.