Polycythemia risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Debduti Mukhopadhyay, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

There are no established risk factors for developing polycythemia vera except for the genetic abnormality JAK2V617F.

Risk Factors

• One of the most common and most dangerous complications of polycythemia vera is thrombus formation. The risk factors are as follows:
• Women- usually younger at the time of diagnosis, have a higher risk of arterio-venous thrombosis.
• Mutation- the higher burden of JAK2V617F allele
• Inflammatory markers- Pentraxins play an important role: increased hs-CRP and a lower PTX3 have a higher risk of thrombosis
• Presence of microparticles- responsible for decreased thrombin inhibition, increased CD41, and an increased chance of splenomegaly
• Neutrophil Extracellular Trap formations- NETosis and apoptosis