Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis
|
Aortic Stenosis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Percutaneous Aortic Balloon Valvotomy (PABV) or Aortic Valvuloplasty |
|
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) |
|
Case Studies |
|
Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
FDA on Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
CDC on Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis in the news |
|
Blogs on Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Aortic stenosis natural history, complications and prognosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Claudia P. Hochberg, M.D. [2], Abdul-Rahman Arabi, M.D. [3], Keri Shafer, M.D. [4], Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [5]
Overview
Aortic valve stenosis can lead to serious complications if left untreated because it can weaken the heart. If the aortic valve is narrowed, the left ventricle strains to pump the required amount of blood into the aorta and to the rest of the body, the left ventricle becomes hypertrophied to compensate the narrowing of the valve. Eventually these changes weaken the left ventricle and the whole heart.
Aortic valve stenosis can lead to life-threatening heart problems if it has not been managed appropriately.
As with any surgical intervention, surgical therapies for aortic stenosis carry risks and potential for complication. These complications commonly include vascular issues such as vascular complications and mitral valve injury.
Complications
Possible complications for untreated aortic stenosis include:
- Arrhythmias.
- Endocarditis.
- Left-sided heart failure.
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement) caused by the extra work of pushing blood through the narrowed valve.
- Atrial fibrillation.
- Myocardial infarction.
- Angina.
- Fainting (syncope).
Complications stemming from aortic stenosis surgical therapies primarily involve vascular complications.
The most preferable surgical closure method for this tenuous patient population is a perclose or angioseal closure. This particular closure method calls for a mandatory attention to the meticulous access technique. An antegrade approach may be a viable method in some patient populations. An example of such would be the venuous access with transseptal approach. This particular procedure can be done in a select population of patients. Many patients experience an adverse response to the hemodynamic effect of mitral valve incompetence. In this situation, the rigidity of the wire traveling across the mitral valve can directly result in mitral valve injury. It is, therefore, not an advisable treatment method for most populations.
Prognosis
30% reduction in gradient is expected as the immediate result of surgical intervention. Patient survival after repeat BAV is higher than that of untreated patients.