Mumps laboratory tests
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Laboratory testing for mumps virus can be useful, and may include virus isolation from swabs of affected salivary ducts, antigen detection by PCR, and serologic testing for IgM antibody or a significant rise in IgG antibody. However, there are many important caveats to be aware of when interpreting the results.[1]
Initial Lab Tests
Complete blood count with differential:
- Total WBC count may be normal to elevated
- Relative lymphocytosis may be observed
Serum studies:
- Elevated of serum amylase secondary to the involvment of parotid gland and suspected pancreatitis associated with mumps [2]
- Elevated serum lipase secondary to pancreatitis
- Elevated C-reactive protein may be seen secondary to orchitis
Serology
- Significant rise in IgG or IgM antibodies may be helpful to confirm the diagnosis. However, there are many important limitations including the cross reactivity of mumps and parainfluenza viruses, that one needs to be aware of when interpreting these results.[3]
Virus Isolation
- Infected patients remain contagious approximately 6 days before the onset of parotitis until about 9 days after the onset of parotitis, during which time the virus can be isolated. [4]
- Virus can be isolated in a cell culture inoculated with the virus obtained from swabs of affected salivary ducts, serum or urine.
- Antigen detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is reserved for patients with secondary CNS infection.
References
- ↑ "Mumps: Lab Testing for Mumps Infection". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 13 April 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
- ↑ Skrha J, Stĕpán J, Sixtová E (1979). "Amylase isoenzymes in mumps". European Journal of Pediatrics. 132 (2): 99–105. PMID 499265. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help);|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ↑ "Mumps: Lab Testing for Mumps Infection". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 13 April 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
- ↑ UTZ JP, HOUK VN, ALLING DW (1964). "CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES OF MUMPS". The New England Journal of Medicine. 270: 1283–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM196406112702404. PMID 14133666. Retrieved 2012-03-09. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)