Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics
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Aortic Stenosis Microchapters |
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Percutaneous Aortic Balloon Valvotomy (PABV) or Aortic Valvuloplasty |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [2]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Overview
Aortic stenosis is a major health problem primarily affecting older adults. As North American and European populations continue to live longer, aortic stenosis has major public health implications. Abnormalities of aortic valve morphology and function represent the most common cardiac-valve lesion in the elderly. The etiology of aortic stenosis is degenerative-calcific in the majority of patients.
Prevalence
Aortic stenosis is a common problem found predominantly in middle age to older adults. Less than 1% of all live births exhibit symptoms of severe aortic stenosis. The prevalence of aortic stenosis increases with age. Approximately 2% of people over the age of 65, 3% of people over age 75, and 4% of people over age 85 have the disorder. In North America and Europe, a linear relationship exists between an aging population and an increase in aortic stenosis.
Aortic valve sclerosis (aortic valve thickening and calcification without pressure gradient) affects about one fourth of adults over 65 years of age. There is an increased prevalence of both stenosis and sclerosis with aging (4% and 48% respectively in those over 85 years).
In the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Doppler echocardiographic examination performed in 5,621 subjects older than 65 year without prevalent cardiovascular disease at entry identified an aortic sclerosis (valve thickening) in 29% of overall population and an aortic stenosis (valve abnormalities and instantaneous pressure gradient >25 mmHg) in 2% [1].
Frequency of Underlying Causes of Aortic Stenosis
In the Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease, the etiology of aortic stenosis was:
- Degenerative-calcific 81.9%
- Rheumatic 11.2%
- Congenital 5.6%
- Post-endocarditis 1.3%
Sources
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1550260/
References
- ↑ Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE; et al. (1997). "Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study". J Am Coll Cardiol. 29 (3): 630–4. PMID 9060903.