Hematuria causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Common causes of macroscopic hematuria/ haematuria (i.e. blood visible in the urine) include:
- Benign familial hematuria
- Urinary Schistosomiasis (caused by Schistosoma haematobium) - a major cause for hematuria in many African and Middle-Eastern countries;
- IgA nephropathy ("Berger's disease") - occurs during viral infections in predisposed patients;
- Kidney stones (or bladder stones, now a rare disease);
- Bladder cancer;
- Renal cell carcinoma - occasionally presents with bleeding;
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - a rare disease where hemoglobin of hemolysed cells is passed into the urine.
- Urinary tract infection with some bacterial species including strains of EPEC and Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Sickle cell trait can precipitate large amounts of red blood cell discharge, but only a small number of individuals endure this problem
- Arteriovenous malformation of the kidney (rare, but may impress like renal cell carcinoma on scans as both are highly vascular)
- Nephritic syndrome ( a condition associated with post-streptococcal and rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis.
- Ureteral Pelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJ) is a rare condition beginning from birth in which the ureter is blocked between the kidney and bladder. This condition may cause blood in the urine.[1]