Carotid artery stenosis risk factors

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Carotid artery stenosis Microchapters

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Historical Perspective

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Pathophysiology

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Differentiating Carotid artery stenosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Testing Guidelines

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

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ACC/AHA Guideline Recommendations

Diagnostic Testing Guidelines Recommendation

Primary Prevention and Screening Guidelines Recommendations

Secondary Prevention Guidelines Recommendations

Selection of Patients for Carotid Revascularization

Periprocedural Management of Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy

Management of Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Stenting

Restenosis After Carotid Endarterectomy or Stenting

Vascular Imaging in Patients With Vertebral Artery Disease

Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients With Vertebral Artery Disease

Occlusive Disease of the Subclavian and Brachiocephalic Arteries

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Cervical Artery Dissection

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Risk factors for carotid artery stenosis are almost similar to those for cerebrovascular accident (CVA), coronary heart disease (ACS) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Common risk factors include hypertension, smoking, advanced age and abnormal cholesterol levels including lowered HDL levels in the blood.

Risk Factors

Risk factors for carotid artery stenosis include:

  • Age - older age (>65 yrs) is associated with increased risk
  • Hypertension - blood pressure more than 140/90 mm Hg is a risk factor for carotid artery stenosis and should ideally be maintained below that cut off level
  • Smoking
  • Abnormal cholesterol levels - Low HDL and high LDL cholesterol
  • Diabetes
  • Obesity - increases the risk of development of atherosclerosis and hypertension
  • Insulin resistance
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Positive family history for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and carotid artery stenosis
  • High dietary saturated fatty acids

References

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