Hematuria classification

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Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.

Classification

Red discoloration of the urine can have various causes:

• Red blood cells
  • Microscopic hematuria (small amounts of blood, can be seen only on urinalysis or light microscopy)
  • Macroscopic hematuria (or "frank" or "gross") hematuria
• Hemoglobin (only the red pigment, not the red blood cells)
• Other pigments
  • Porphyrins in porphyria
  • Betanin, after eating beets