Deafness causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[2]

Common Causes

Temporary hearing loss can be caused by:

  • The build-up of wax in the ear canal
  • Foreign body lodged in the ear canal
  • Injury to the head
  • Allergy
  • Blocked Eustachian tubes
  • Scarred or perforated eardrum
  • Ear infections (chronic otitis externa, chronic otitis media, malignant otitis externa)
  • Reaction to medication such as aminoglycosides, chloroquine, quinidine

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Congenital Rubella syndrome]]; Congenital atresia of the external auditory canal; [[Congenital cytomegalovirus; Congenital perilymphatic fistula; Fetal methyl mercury effects; Fetal iodine deficiency effects
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental Any occupation with exposure to loud noises on a continuous day-to-day basis can result in hearing loss due to nerve end damage. Increased attention to conditions in the work environment has markedly decreased the likelihood of work-related hearing loss. See Noise-induced hearing loss.
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Osteogenesis imperfecta; Leopard syndrome (multiple lentigines syndrome); Otosclerosis; Robinson type ectodermal dysplasia; Cockayne syndrome; Bjorn pili torti and deafness syndrome; Multiple synostosis syndrome; Hunter syndrome; Taybi oto-palato-digital syndrome; Hereditary nephritis; Mohr syndrome; Hurler syndrome; Waardenburg syndrome; Kartagener syndrome; Fronto-metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome; Morquio syndrome; Trisomy 13 S; Treacher Collins syndrome; Stickler syndrome
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Meningitis; Mumps; Measles; Ear infection (otitis media); Scarlet fever
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Aminoglycoside antibiotics; Ethacrynic acid - oral; Aspirin; Chloroquine; Quinidine
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Traumatic perforation of the eardrum; Skull fracture (temporal bone); Acoustic trauma such as from explosions, fireworks, gunfire, rock concerts, and earphones; Barotrauma (differences in pressure)
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Meniere's disease; Acoustic neuroma; Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis)

References

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