Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | |
 | |
|---|---|
| Gross pathology of a lung showing centrilobular-type emphysema characteristic of smoking. This close-up of the fixed, cut lung surface shows multiple cavities lined by heavy black carbon deposits. |
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
For patient information click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Philip Marcus, M.D., M.P.H. [3]; Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [4]
Synonyms and keywords: COAD; COPD; chronic obstructive airways disease; chronic obstructive lung disease; chronic airflow limitation; chronic obstructive respiratory disease
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Chronic Bronchitis | Emphysema
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies