TIMI thrombus grade
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Coronary Angiography | |
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General Principles | |
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Anatomy & Projection Angles | |
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Normal Anatomy | |
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Anatomic Variants | |
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Projection Angles | |
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Epicardial Flow & Myocardial Perfusion | |
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Epicardial Flow | |
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Myocardial Perfusion | |
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Lesion Complexity | |
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ACC/AHA Lesion-Specific Classification of the Primary Target Stenosis | |
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Lesion Morphology | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Thrombus Grades
In order to more objectively and quantitatively characterize thrombus on a coronary angiogram, Dr. C. Micheal Gibson of the TIMI study group developed and popularized the following thrombus grading system:[1]
TIMI Thrombus Grade 0
No cineangiographic characteristics of thrombus present.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 1
Hazy, possible thrombus present. Angiography demonstrates characteristics such as reduced contrast density, haziness, irregular lesion contour, or a smooth convex "meniscus" at the site of total occlusion suggestive but not diagnostic of thrombus.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 2
Thrombus present – small size: Definite thrombus with greatest dimensions less than or equal to 1/2 vessel diameter.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 3
Thrombus present – moderate size: Definite thrombus but with greatest linear dimension greater than 1/2 but less than 2 vessel diameters.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 4
Thrombus present – large size: As in Grade 3 but with the largest dimension greater than or equal to 2 vessel diameters.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 5
Recent total occlusion, can involve some collateralization but usually does not involve extensive collateralization, tends to have a “beak” shape and a hazy edge or appearance of distince thrombus.
TIMI Thrombus Grade 6
Chronic total occlusion, usually involving extensive collateralization, tends to have distinct, blunt cut-off/edge and will generally clot up to the nearest proximal side branch.
Natural History, Complications, Prognosis
The presence of angiographically evident thrombus (AET) as assessed using the TIMI Grade described above is associated with embolization and impaired myocardial perfusion.[2][3]
References
- ↑ Gibson, CM.; de Lemos, JA.; Murphy, SA.; Marble, SJ.; McCabe, CH.; Cannon, CP.; Antman, EM.; Braunwald, E. (2001). "Combination therapy with abciximab reduces angiographically evident thrombus in acute myocardial infarction: a TIMI 14 substudy". Circulation. 103 (21): 2550–4. PMID 11382722. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Kirtane AJ, Vafai JJ, Murphy SA, Aroesty JM, Sabatine MS, Cannon CP; et al. (2006). "Angiographically evident thrombus following fibrinolytic therapy is associated with impaired myocardial perfusion in STEMI: a CLARITY-TIMI 28 substudy". Eur Heart J. 27 (17): 2040–5. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl149. PMID 16847010.
- ↑ Kirtane AJ, Weisbord A, Karmpaliotis D, Murphy SA, Giugliano RP, Cannon CP; et al. (2005). "Relation of impaired Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction myocardial perfusion grades to residual thrombus following the restoration of epicardial patency in ST-elevation myocardial infarction". Am J Cardiol. 95 (2): 224–7. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.09.007. PMID 15642554.