Ebola classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]

Overview

Ebola virus can be classified in 5 subtypes: Zaïre, Sudan, Reston, Tai (Ivory Coast) and Bundibugyo.

The table below summarizes the ebola virus strains identified until now:

Ebola Virus Strain	Place of Discovery	Date Identified
Sudan ebolavirus	Nzara and Maridi, Sudan	Between June and November 1976
Zaire ebolavirus	Yambuku, Democratic Republic of the Congo	Between August and November 1976
Reston ebolavirus	Reston, Virginia, US.	November 1989
Ivory Coast ebolavirus	Tai Forest, Ivory Coast.	November 1994
Bundibugyo ebolavirus	Bundibugyo District, Uganda	November 2007

Among the five strains, Zaïre Ebolavirus carries the highest mortality rate.
A virus of the genus Ebolavirus is a member of the species Zaire ebolavirus if:^[1]

it is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, or the Republic of the Congo.
it has a genome with two or three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
it has a genomic sequence that differs from the type virus by less than 30%.

A virus of the genus Ebolavirus is a member of the species Sudan ebolavirus if:^[1]

it is endemic in Sudan and/or Uganda.
it has a genome with three gene overlaps (VP35/VP40, GP/VP30, VP24/L).
it has a genomic sequence different from Ebola virus by ≥30%, but different from that of Sudan virus by <30%.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kuhn, Jens H.; Becker, Stephan; Ebihara, Hideki; Geisbert, Thomas W.; Johnson, Karl M.; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro; Lipkin, W. Ian; Negredo, Ana I.; Netesov, Sergey V.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Palacios, Gustavo; Peters, Clarence J.; Tenorio, Antonio; Volchkov, Viktor E.; Jahrling, Peter B. (2010). "Proposal for a revised taxonomy of the family Filoviridae: classification, names of taxa and viruses, and virus abbreviations". Archives of Virology. 155 (12): 2083–2103. doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0814-x. ISSN 0304-8608.