Brain Stem Gliomas natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Natural History
Radiotherapy-induced neoplasms tend to be more aggressive in their natural history than their de novo counterparts.
Complications
Morbidity is due to the location of the space-occupying lesion and compression of surrounding structures; because these structures regulate basic body functions of blood pressure, respiration, and swallowing as well as motor and sensory functions, compression can produce substantial neurological disability.
Sudden death can result from increased intracranial pressure and subsequent cerebral herniation. This may be a consequence either of edema induced by the tumor or of hemorrhage into the neoplasm.
Prognosis
diffuse terrible prognosis 90-100% patients die within 2 years of diagnosis 6
focal (tectal glioma) excellent long term survival with CSF shunting (essentially benign lesions)
focal (other) good long-term prognosis with surgery
(dorsally) exophytic tumours good long-term prognosis with surgery