Stomach cancer staging
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
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Stomach cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Stomach cancer staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Stomach cancer staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Stomach cancer staging |
Overview
According to the AJCC, there are 4 stages of stomach cancer based on the tumor spread.
Staging
The American Joint Committee on Cancer has designated staging by TNM classification to define gastric cancer
Definitions of TNM
Primary tumor
- TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed
- T0: No evidence of primary tumor
- Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria
- T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa
- T1a: [Tumor]] invades lamina propria or muscularis mucosae
- T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria
- T3: Tumor penetrates subserosal connective tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures
- T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures
Regional Lymph Nodes
- NX: Regional lymph node(s) cannot be assessed
- N0: No regional lymph node metastasis
- N1: Metastases in 1–2 regional lymph nodes
- N2: Metastases in 3–6 regional lymph nodes
- N3: Metastases in ≥7 regional lymph nodes
- N3a: Metastases in 7–15 regional lymph nodes
- N3b: Metastases in ≥16 regional lymph nodes
Distant Metastasis
- M0: No distant metastasis
- M1: Distant metastasis
AJCC Stage Groupings
Stage 0
- Tis, N0, M0
Stage IA
- T1, N0, M0
Stage IB
- T2, N0, M0
- T1, N1, M0
Stage IIA
- T3, N0, M0
- T2, N1, M0
- T1, N2, M0
Stage IIB
- T4a, N0, M0
- T3, N1, M0
- T2, N2, M0
- T1, N3, M0
Stage IIIA
- T4a, N1, M0
- T3, N2, M0
- T2, N3, M0
Stage IIIB
- T4b, N0, M0
- T4b, N1, M0
- T4a, N2, M0
- T3, N3, M0
Stage IIIC
- T4b, N2, M0
- T4b, N3, M0
- T4a, N3, M0
Stage IV
- Any T, Any N, M1 [1]