Oral cancer pathophysiology

Oral cancer Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Genes involved in the pathogenesis of oral cancer include tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), particularly in chromosomes 3, 9, 11, and 17.

Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of oral cancer involves inactivated tumor suppressor genes, P16, and TP53 and overexpressed oncogenes, PRAD1.The molecular changes in oral squamous cell carcinoma in Western countries (eg, United Kingdom, United States, Australia), are particularly TP53 mutations. These mutations are infrequent in Eastern countries (eg, India, Southeast Asia), where the involvement of ras oncogenes is more common.