Rhabdomyosarcoma natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [2]

Overview

Common complications of rhabdomyosarcoma include metastasis to lung, bone marrow, and bone. Rhabdomyosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 72%. The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis. Histologically, the embryonal type rhabdomyosarcoma and anatomically, the orbital and genitourinary tract rhabdomyosarcomas have the most favorable prognosis.

Complications

• Rhabdomyosarcoma may cause metastasis to other organs.
• The lung are the most common location for metastatic disease.
• Other common sites of metastasis are the bone marrow and the bones.

Prognosis

• Rhabdomyosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 72%.
• The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. The 5 year event free survival rate is less than 30%.
• Histologically, the embryonal type rhabdomyosarcoma and anatomically, the orbital and genitourinary tract rhabdomyosarcomas have the most favorable prognosis.