Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Pathophysiology

Genetic

Development of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma include:

Associated Conditions

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas are characteristic brain tumors that occur in 10% to 20% of tuberous sclerosis complex patients and are almost exclusively associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.^[1]

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is characterized by:
Common intracranial sites associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma include:


Anatomical Location	Summary

Cerebellum Third ventricle Optic nerve Optic chiasm Hypothalamus Thalamus Basal ganglia Brain stem Fourth ventricle Spinal cord Cerebral hemispheres Supratentorial NOS	_{Neuroanatomical distribution of aneuploid pilocytic astrocytoma tumors favors non-cerebellar areas.^[2]}

Microscopic pathology

On microscopic histopathological analysis, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is characterized by:

According to the WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is classified into a WHO grade I tumor.

Immunohistochemistry

Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is demonstrated by positivity to tumor markers such as:

Reference

↑ Roth, Jonathan; Roach, E. Steve; Bartels, Ute; Jóźwiak, Sergiusz; Koenig, Mary Kay; Weiner, Howard L.; Franz, David N.; Wang, Henry Z. (2013). "Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma: Diagnosis, Screening, and Treatment. Recommendations From the International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Conference 2012". Pediatric Neurology. 49 (6): 439–444. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.017. ISSN 0887-8994.
↑ "Non-random aneuploidy specifies subgroups of pilocytic astrocytoma and correlates with older age". Oncotarget. 2015. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.5571. ISSN 1949-2553.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[RothRoach2013-1] Roth, Jonathan; Roach, E. Steve; Bartels, Ute; Jóźwiak, Sergiusz; Koenig, Mary Kay; Weiner, Howard L.; Franz, David N.; Wang, Henry Z. (2013). "Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma: Diagnosis, Screening, and Treatment. Recommendations From the International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Conference 2012". Pediatric Neurology. 49 (6): 439–444. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.017. ISSN 0887-8994.

[locPA1-2] "Non-random aneuploidy specifies subgroups of pilocytic astrocytoma and correlates with older age". Oncotarget. 2015. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.5571. ISSN 1949-2553.

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