Zika virus infection travel notice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The CDC has issued level 2 alert (practice enhanced precautions) for travelers to Cape Verde, the Carribean, Central America, Mexico, Samoa, and South America (data as of February 1st, 2016).
Travel Notice
Travel to Cape Verde
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cape Verde reported the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) in October 2015.
Travel to the Caribbean
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in the Caribbean in December 2015.
- Since then, the following Caribbean destinations have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:
- Barbados
- Curaçao
- Dominican Republic
- Guadeloupe
- Haiti
- Martinique
- The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory
- Saint Martin
- U.S. Virgin Islands
Travel to Central America
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Central America in November 2015.
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Nicaragua
- Panama
Travel to Mexico
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Mexico in November 2015.
Travel to Samoa
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Samoa in November 2015.
Travel to South America
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CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions |
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in South America in November 2015.
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- French Guiana
- Guyana
- Paraguay
- Suriname
- Venezuela
How Can Travelers Protect Themselves From Mosquito Bites
What type of insect repellent should I use?
For Protection Against Ticks and Mosquitoes
- Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours. Products containing DEET include Off!, Cutter, Sawyer, and Ultrathon
For Protection Against Mosquitoes Only
- Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent mosquito bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection
- DEET
- Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin. Products containing picaridin include Cutter Advanced, Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus, and Autan [outside the US])
- Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD (Products containing OLE include Repel and Off! Botanicals)
- IR3535 (Products containing IR3535 include Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Expedition and SkinSmart)
- Always follow product directions and reapply as directed
- If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first and insect repellent second
- Follow package directions when applying repellent on children. Avoid applying repellent to their hands, eyes, and mouth
- Consider using permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). You can buy pre-treated clothing and gear or treat them yourself
- Treated clothing remains protective after multiple washings. See the product information to find out how long the protection will last
- If treating items yourself, follow the product instructions carefully
- Do not use permethrin directly on skin
What other steps should I take to prevent bug bites?
Prevent Mosquito Bites
- Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats
- Stay and sleep in screened or air-conditioned rooms
- Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors
What Should I Do If I Am Bitten By Bugs?
If You are Bitten By a Mosquito:
- Avoid scratching mosquito bites
- Apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce itching