Bone or cartilage mass history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
The hallmark of bone or cartilage mass is limb pain and swelling. A positive history of stress fracture and limb pain should be suggestive of bone or cartilage masses. Symptoms related bone or cartilage tumors with will vary depending on the location of the tumor. The majority of bone and cartilage tumors can be asymptomatic and usually incidental findings. Conversely, common symptoms bone or cartilage mass may be activity-induced limb pain with/or without response to analgesics and limping.
History
Obtaining the history is an important aspect of making a diagnosis of bone or cartilage masses. It provides insight into natural evolution of the disease, and associated conditions.[1] Complete history may help determine the origin. Specific symptoms description such as duration, onset, progression, and associated relief to medication are important for making the diagnosis. Specific areas of focus when obtaining the history, are outlined below:
- History of familial syndromes, such as:
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- Enchondromatosis
- Ollier disease
- Maffucci syndrome
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome
- McCune-Albright syndrome
- Multiple osteochondromas
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Retinoblastoma syndrome
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
- Werner syndrome
- History of stress fractures
- Associated swelling with superficial tenderness.
Symptoms
Bone and cartilage tumors are generally asymptomatic. Symptoms related with bone and cartilage tumors will vary depending location; the majority of patients may develop non-specific symptoms, such as:[2]
References
- ↑ Hakim DN, Pelly T, Kulendran M, Caris JA (2015). "Benign tumours of the bone: A review". J Bone Oncol. 4 (2): 37–41. doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2015.02.001. PMC 4620948. PMID 26579486.
- ↑ Osteoid osteoma. A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopedia.http://radiopaedia.org/articles/osteoid-osteoma Accessed on January 20, 2016