Zika virus infection guidelines for pregnant women
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
CDC recommends that all pregnant women consider postponing travel to areas where Zika virus transmission is ongoing. If a pregnant woman travels to an area with Zika virus transmission, she should be advised to strictly follow steps to avoid mosquito bites.
Guidelines for Pregnant Women
- CDC has developed interim guidelines for health care providers in the United States caring for pregnant women during a Zika virus outbreak.
- These guidelines include recommendations for pregnant women considering travel to an area with Zika virus transmission and recommendations for screening, testing, and management of pregnant returning travelers.
- Updates on areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission are available here.
Read the CDC Brochure on special precautions for pregnant women here.
Recommendations for Pregnant Women Considering Travel to an Area of Zika Virus Transmission
- Because there is neither a vaccine nor prophylactic medications available to prevent Zika virus infection, CDC recommends that all pregnant women consider postponing travel to areas where Zika virus transmission is ongoing.
- If a pregnant woman travels to an area with Zika virus transmission, she should be advised to strictly follow steps to avoid mosquito bites.
- Mosquitoes that spread Zika virus bite both indoors and outdoors, mostly during the daytime; therefore, it is important to ensure protection from mosquitoes throughout the entire day.
- Mosquito prevention strategies include wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, using U.S.
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)–registered insect repellents, using permethrin-treated clothing and gear, and staying and sleeping in screened-in or air-conditioned rooms. When used as directed on the product label, insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, and IR3535 are safe for pregnant women.
- To learn more about avoiding mosquito bites, see How Can Travelers Protect Themselves From Mosquito Bites
Recommendations for Pregnant Women with History of Travel to an Area of Zika Virus Transmission
- Health care providers should ask all pregnant women about recent travel. Women who traveled to an area with ongoing Zika virus transmission during pregnancy should be evaluated for Zika virus infection and tested in accordance with CDC Interim Guidance (see Laboratory Testing).
- Because of the similar geographic distribution and clinical presentation of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya virus infection, patients with symptoms consistent with Zika virus disease should also be evaluated for dengue and chikungunya virus infection, in accordance with existing guidelines (see Differential Diagnosis).