Prostatitis laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2]
Overview
Laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of prostatitis may include a CBC, urinalysis, serum PSA (prostate-specific antigen) level, urine culture, postvoid residual volume levels, 2-glass pre- and post-prostatic massage test, Stamey-Meares four-glass test, and a semen analysis.[1][2][3] Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute prostatitis include increased leukocytes on CBC, bacteria seen on urine culture, elevated C-reactive protein, and transiently elevated PSA (prostate specific antigen) levels.[4] Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic bacterial prostatitis include negative pre-massage urine culture results, more than 10 to 20 leukocytes per high-power field in both the pre- and the postmassage urine specimen, bacteriuria in the postmassage urine specimen, and lower leukocyte and bacterial counts in voided bladder urine specimens as compared to bacterial count in post-prostatic massage voided urine or expressed prostatic secretions.[3][5] The absence of bacterial growth on cultures is diagnostic of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis.[3]
Laboratory findings
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of prostatitis may include:[1][2][3]
- CBC
- Urinalysis
- Serum PSA (prostate-specific antigen) levels
- Urine culture
- Postvoid residual volume levels
- 2-glass pre- and post-prostatic massage test
- Stamey-Meares four-glass test
- Semen analysis
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute prostatitis include:[4]
- Increased leukocytes on CBC
- Bacteria seen on urine culture
- Elevated C-reactive protein
- Transiently elevated PSA (prostate specific antigen) levels
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic bacterial prostatitis include:[5]
- Negative pre-massage urine culture results
- More than 10 to 20 leukocytes per high-power field in both the pre- and the postmassage urine specimen
- Bacteriuria in the postmassage urine specimen
- Lower leukocyte and bacterial counts in voided bladder urine specimens as compared to bacterial count in post-prostatic massage voided urine or expressed prostatic secretions[3]
The Stamey-Meares localization method is used to differentiate between chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and other types of prostatitis. The absence of bacterial growth on cultures are diagnostic of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Leukocytosis may be present in the prostatic secretions. The premassage urine specimen contains <10 WBCs per high-power field, while the postmassage urine specimen has >10-20 WBCs per high-power field.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Prostatitis: Inflammation of the Prostate. NIDDK 2016. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/prostate-problems/Pages/facts.aspx. Accessed on February 25, 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sharp VJ, Takacs EB, Powell CR (2010). "Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment". Am Fam Physician. 82 (4): 397–406. PMID 20704171.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Lipsky BA, Byren I, Hoey CT (2010). "Treatment of bacterial prostatitis". Clin Infect Dis. 50 (12): 1641–52. doi:10.1086/652861. PMID 20459324.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Acute Prostatitis. Wikipedia 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_prostatitis. Accessed on March 7, 2016
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Stevermer JJ, Easley SK (2000). "Treatment of prostatitis". Am Fam Physician. 61 (10): 3015–22, 3025–6. PMID 10839552.