Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is most commonly caused by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus salivarius. Other causes include Aerobic gram negative bacteria and gram positive bacteria, as well as nephrotic syndrome and hepatic diseases.
Causes
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | Portal hypertension |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | Chronic liver disease, Cirrhosis , Intrahepatic blood shunting , Portal hypertension |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | Intrahepatic blood shunting |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | Acinetobacter infections, Actinomyces infections , Aerococcus urinae , Aeromonas hydrophila, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum , Bacteroides fragilis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Brucella infection, Candida infection, Citrobacter freundii, Coccidioides immitis , Cryptococcus neoformans , Defective ascite bactericidal activity, Enterococcus casseliflavus , Enterococcus faecalis , Enterococcus gallinarum , Enterococcus hirae , Escherichia coli , Gemella morbilorum , Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae , Klebsiella pneumonia, Leclercia adecarboxylata , Leminorella grimontii , Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis , Ochrobactrum anthropi , Plesiomonas shigelloides, Proteus infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella paratyphi a , Salmonella typhimurium , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius , Vibrio vulnificus, Viridans group streptococci |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | Cirrhosis |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | Nephrotic syndrome |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a bacterial infection caused by a wide variety of microbes. It is caused usually by a single organism orpolymicrobial. The most common organisms are
- Aerobic gram negative bacteria - E.coli [1]
- Aerobic gram positive bacteria - Streptococci (viridan's group is more common[2]
References
- ↑ Reuken PA, Pletz MW, Baier M, Pfister W, Stallmach A, Bruns T (2012). "Emergence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to enterococci - risk factors and outcome in a 12-year retrospective study". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 35 (10): 1199–208. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05076.x. PMID 22449290. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Cholongitas E, Papatheodoridis GV, Lahanas A, Xanthaki A, Kontou-Kastellanou C, Archimandritis AJ (2005). "Increasing frequency of Gram-positive bacteria in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Liver Int. 25 (1): 57–61. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2004.0985.x. PMID 15698399. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)