Hand-foot-and-mouth disease physical examination
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Differentiating Hand-foot-and-mouth disease from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2].
Overview
Hand foot mouth disease is one of many infections that result in mouth sores. Another common cause is oral herpesvirus infection, which produces an inflammation of the mouth and gums (sometimes called stomatitis). Usually, the physician can distinguish between HFMD and other causes of mouth sores based on the age of the patient, the pattern of symptoms reported by the patient or parent, and the appearance of the rash and sores on examination. A throat swab or stool specimen may be sent to a laboratory to determine which enterovirus caused the illness. Since the testing often takes 2 to 4 weeks to obtain a final answer, the physician usually does not order these tests.
Physical examination
Common physical examination findings of hand-foot and mouth disease include:[1]
- Fever
- Lesions in the mouth:
- Irregularly shaped shallow ulcers with yellow-grey base and hyperemic margin.
- Site:
- Margings of tongue
- Inside of cheeks
- Anterior fauces
- On the mandible above the posterior molar teeth
- Soft palate
- Vesicular skin lesions on hand , foot (dorsum of the fingers and toes near the nail margins, and on heels) and sometimes on buttocks.
- Usually do not occur on palms and soles but if they do occur, they are more profuse, smaller and more uniform in size.
