Q fever epidemiology and demographics
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
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Overview
Q fever is more prevalent in elderly and in males. It has been a notifiable disease in the US since 1999.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
- Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people, however, is often seen in various age groups.
- This disease is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live in a farm.
- In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever is usually discovered during a search for the cause of pneumonia.[1]
Gender
- Men are slightly more often affected than women, which most likely is attributed to different employment rates in typical professions predisposing to Q fever.[2]
Developed Countries
- In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries.
- In Europe, it often presents as hepatitis rather than pneumonia as in the United States.[3]
Developing Countries
- C. burnetii may be found everywhere except in Antarctica and New Zealand.
- Q fever infections are often subclinical.
- Because the disease is underreported, scientists cannot reliably assess how many cases of Q fever have actually occurred worldwide. [3]
References
- ↑ Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF (2008). "Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment". Mayo Clin. Proc. 83 (5): 574–9. doi:10.4065/83.5.574. PMID 18452690.
- ↑ Maurin M, Raoult D (1999). "Q fever". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12 (4): 518–53. PMC 88923. PMID 10515901.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ (2008). "Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak". Neth J Med. 66 (9): 365–7. PMID 18931396.