HIV associated nephropathy risk factors
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Overview
The risk factors that attribute to HIV-associated nephropathy are similar to those seen with HIV.
Risk Factors
The majority of patients developing HIV-associated nephropathy, is through the acquisition of HIV-1. The acquisition of the disease can be attributed to unprotected sexual relations between partners (one partner having HIV), sharing of needles, and or contaminated blood transfusions. However, the greatest risk factor attributed to development of HIV-associated nephropathy is the black race.[1][2][3]
References
- ↑ Szczech LA (2001). "Renal diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: epidemiology, clinical course, and management". Clin Infect Dis. 33 (1): 115–9. doi:10.1086/320893. PMID 11389504.
- ↑ Naicker S, Fabian J (2010). "Risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease with HIV/AIDS". Clin Nephrol. 74 Suppl 1 ( ): S51–6. PMID 20979964.
- ↑ Foy MC, Estrella MM, Lucas GM, Tahir F, Fine DM, Moore RD; et al. (2013). "Comparison of risk factors and outcomes in HIV immune complex kidney disease and HIV-associated nephropathy". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 8 (9): 1524–32. doi:10.2215/CJN.10991012. PMC 3805081. PMID 23685946.