Upper gastrointestinal bleeding diagnostic study of choice
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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Diagnostic study of choice for Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Upper GI Endoscopy is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines recommends that upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed within 24 hours of presentation in all patients with UGIB. Endoscopy serves not only as a diagnostic tool in the localization of bleeding but also enables the use of therapeutic options, which include embolization or vasopressin infusion.
Indications
- Active UGIB
- Used for biopsy lesions for tissue diagnosis and to treat currently bleeding lesions.
Complications
Common complications of the endoscopic procedure include:
- Aspiration
- Esophageal perforation
- Cardiopulmonary complications secondary to anesthesia
- Increased bleeding while attempting therapeutic intervention
| If upper GI Endoscopy undiagnostic[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Patient’s hemodynamic stability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stable with low volume bleeding | Unstable with large volume bleeding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repeat endoscopy | Surgery exploration and partial gastrectomy[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ↑ "Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: guidelines". Gut. 51 Suppl 4: iv1–6. 2002. PMC 1867732. PMID 12208839.
- ↑ Zmora O, Dinnewitzer AJ, Pikarsky AJ, Efron JE, Weiss EG, Nogueras JJ, Wexner SD (2002). "Intraoperative endoscopy in laparoscopic colectomy". Surg Endosc. 16 (5): 808–11. doi:10.1007/s00464-001-8226-3. PMID 11997827.