Portal hypertension history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
The majority of patients with portal hypertension are asymptomatic. All of the clinical symptoms are associated with complications of the portal hypertension. Common symptoms of portal hypertension include hematemesis, melena, abdominal distention (ascites), fatigue, and loss of appetite. Patients with portal hypertension may have a positive history of intravenous drug use (IVDU), tattooing or piercing in unhygienic condition, needlestick injury, blood transfusion before 1992, viral hepatitis, and unprotected sexual intercourse.
History and Symptoms
- The majority of patients with portal hypertension are asymptomatic.
- All of the clinical symptoms are associated with complications of the portal hypertension.
History
Patients with portal hypertension may have a positive history of:[1]
- Intravenous drug use (IVDU)
- Tattooing or piercing in unhygienic condition
- Needlestick injury
- Blood transfusion before 1992
- Viral hepatitis
- Unprotected sexual intercourse
- Schistosomiasis in childhood
- Family history of hereditary liver disease (e. g., hemochromatosis, Wilson disease)
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of portal hypertension include:[2]
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of portal hypertension include:[2]
- Abdominal pain
- Confusion
- Forgetfulness
- Drowsiness
- Slurred speech
- Bleeding easily
- Easy bruising
- Itchy skin
- Jaundice
- Nausea
- Peripheral edema
- Weight loss
- Palms Redness
- Testicular atrophy in men
- Breast enlargement in men
- Hematochezia
References
- ↑ Flores YN, Lang CM, Salmerón J, Bastani R (2012). "Risk factors for liver disease and associated knowledge and practices among Mexican adults in the US and Mexico". J Community Health. 37 (2): 403–11. doi:10.1007/s10900-011-9457-4. PMID 21877109.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bloom S, Kemp W, Lubel J (2015). "Portal hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management". Intern Med J. 45 (1): 16–26. doi:10.1111/imj.12590. PMID 25230084.