Gastric dumping syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

If left untreated, dumping syndrome causes problems with digestion and absorption. This may in turn lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, abdominal pain and diarrhea.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural history

• Over time, the symptoms of dumping syndrome tend to resolve.
• The severe symptoms of dumping syndrome usually develop 3-24 months after surgery, and start with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, colicky abdominal pain, abdominal fullness and diarrhea.
• The symptoms of dumping syndrome usually continue in up to 1% to 2% of individuals within the first year after surgery.
• If left untreated, patients with dumping syndrome may progress to develop early satiety, weight loss, malnutrition, hypoglycemia and nesidioblastosis.

Complications

Possible complications of dumping syndrome include:

• Indigestion of food, which results in reduced vitamin, mineral and nutrient absorption into the body.
• Very low blood glucose that can cause mental confusion or incoherence after a meal.
• Weight loss (out of fear of eating meals).

Prognosis

• Prognosis of dumping syndrome is generally good, but it may interfere with the quality of life.