Cholangiocarcinoma classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [2]
Overview
Classification
- Cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to location of the tumor into three groups:[1]
- Intrahepatic bile duct cancer
- Perihilar bile duct cancer
- Extrahepatic bile duct cancer
Gross and histological features
- Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to gross and histological features into four subtypes:[2]
- Conventional type (bile duct type type)
- Small bile duct type (peripheral type)
- Large bile duct type (perihilar type)
- Bile ductular type
- Intraductal type
- Papillary type
- Tubular type
- Superficial spreading type
- Rare variants
- Squamous/adenosquamous cell type
- Mucinous/signet ring cell
- Clear cell type
- Undifferentiated type
- Lymphoepithelial type
- Others
- Conventional type (bile duct type type)
Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer
- Mass-forming tumor growth pattern
- Periductal-infiltrating tumor growth pattern
- Mixed mass-forming and periductal-infiltrating growth pattern
Perihilar Bile Duct Cancer
- Carcinoma in situ
- Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS)
- Adenocarcinoma
- Intestinal type
- Mucinous type
- Clear cell type
- Signet-ring cell carcinoma
- Adenosquamous carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
- Undifferentiated carcinoma
- Spindle cell type
- Giant cell type
- Small cell type
- Papillomatosis
- Papillary carcinoma
- Noninvasive
- Invasive
- Carcinoma, NOS
Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer
- Carcinoma in situ
- Adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS)
- Adenocarcinoma
- Intestinal type
- Mucinous type
- Clear cell type
- Signet-ring cell carcinoma
- Adenosquamous carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
- Undifferentiated carcinoma
- Spindle cell type
- Giant cell type
- Small cell type
- Papillomatosis
- Papillary carcinoma
- Noninvasive
- Papillary carcinoma
- Invasive
- Carcinoma, NOS
Bismuth-Corlette classification
- Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma may be classified according to Bismuth-Corlette classification into five subtypes based on the extent of ductal infiltration:
- Type I: Limited to the common hepatic duct, below the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts
- Type II: Involves the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts
- Type IIIa: Type II and extends to the bifurcation of the right hepatic duct
- Type IIIb: Type II and extends to the bifurcation of the left hepatic duct
- Type IV: Extending to the bifurcations of both right and left hepatic duct or multifocal involvement
- Type V: Stricture at the junction of common bile duct and cystic duct
References
- ↑ DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL, Kamangar F, Winter JM, Lillemoe KD, Choti MA, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD (2007). "Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution". Ann. Surg. 245 (5): 755–62. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000251366.62632.d3. PMC 1877058. PMID 17457168.
- ↑ Nakanuma Y, Sato Y, Harada K, Sasaki M, Xu J, Ikeda H (2010). "Pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on a new concept". World J Hepatol. 2 (12): 419–27. doi:10.4254/wjh.v2.i12.419. PMC 3010511. PMID 21191517.