Pancoast tumor causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mazia Fatima, MBBS [2]
Causes
- Most common cause of Pancoast tumor is non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).
- Common types of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) presenting as Pancoast tumor are squamous cell cancer, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.
- Less common causes of Pancoast tumor includes small cell cancer as it usually presents as a central tumor rather than peripheral tumor.
- Pancoast syndrome is classically associated with Pancoast tumor. Rare causes of Pancoast syndrome include:
- Desmoid tumor-intrathoracic fibromatosis
- Metastatic spread from:
- Carcinoma of larynx
- Carcinoma of cervix
- Carcinoma of urinary bladder
- Carcinoma of thyroid gland
- Hematologic neoplasms:
- Plasmacytoma
- Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
- Lymphoma
- Amyloidoma
- Infections such as:
- Bacterial
- Staphylococcal pneumonia
- Pseudomonal pneumonia
- Thoracic actinomycosis
- Fungal
- Aspergillosis
- Allescheriasis
- Cryptococcosis
- Bacterial
- Hemangiopericytoma
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma
- Lymphoma
- Thyroid carcinoma
- Bacterial and fungal infections
- Vascular aneurysms
- Cervical rib syndrome
- Mycotic subclavian artery aneurysm
- Hydatid cyst presenting as carotid pseudoaneurysm