Multiple sclerosis MRI
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
MRI
The core of diagnosing MS is to show disseminating lesions in space and time. Before MRI becomes a common imaging technique for diagnosis MS, clinical presentation was the only tool. Nowadays new diagnostic criteria (macDonald criteria) are focusing on MRI finding in addition to clinical presentation of patients.[1] On MRI, multiple sclerosis is characterized by cerebral and/or spinal cord plaques which are demyelinating areas.[2] These lesions are commonly ovoid, and located in periventricular white matter, cerebellum and brain stem.[3] These lesions are hyperintense on T2 sections of MRI. There are also gray matter lesions, presents as hypointensity in T2-weighted and are correlated with patients physical disability and brain atrophy.[4][5]
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T1-weighted MRI scans (post-contrast) of same brain slice at monthly intervals. Bright spots indicate active lesions. -
Multiple Sclerosis
Patient #1
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Multiple sclerosis
Patient #2: Contrast enchancement of several lesions indicates active disease
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GAD enhanced T1
References
- ↑ McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin FD, McFarland HF, Paty DW, Polman CH, Reingold SC, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Sibley W, Thompson A, van den Noort S, Weinshenker BY, Wolinsky JS (July 2001). "Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis". Ann. Neurol. 50 (1): 121–7. PMID 11456302.
- ↑ Trapp BD, Peterson J, Ransohoff RM, Rudick R, Mörk S, Bö L (January 1998). "Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 338 (5): 278–85. doi:10.1056/NEJM199801293380502. PMID 9445407.
- ↑ Fazekas F, Barkhof F, Filippi M, Grossman RI, Li DK, McDonald WI, McFarland HF, Paty DW, Simon JH, Wolinsky JS, Miller DH (August 1999). "The contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 53 (3): 448–56. PMID 10449103.
- ↑ Bakshi R, Shaikh ZA, Janardhan V (January 2000). "MRI T2 shortening ('black T2') in multiple sclerosis: frequency, location, and clinical correlation". Neuroreport. 11 (1): 15–21. PMID 10683822.
- ↑ Bakshi R, Dmochowski J, Shaikh ZA, Jacobs L (March 2001). "Gray matter T2 hypointensity is related to plaques and atrophy in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients". J. Neurol. Sci. 185 (1): 19–26. PMID 11266686.