Temporal arteritis natural history, complications and prognosis

	Temporal Arteritis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

The symptoms of temporal arteritis usually develop in the fifth decade of life, and start with symptoms such as headache.
Nervous system is affected in 30% of the patients of temporal arteritis; 14% have either mononeuritis or polyneuropathy, and 7% have transient ischemic attacks or strokes.[46]
If left untreated, 2% of patients with temporal arteritis may lead to death by MI or stroke.[50]

Common complications of temporal arteritis include:[47][48, 49, 19]
- Blindness
- Myocardial infarction (MI)
- Stroke
- Death

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
[Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.

Possible complications, especially if the condition is not treated properly or promptly, include:

Damage to other blood vessels in the body
Development of aneurysms (ballooning of blood vessels) in patients with giant cell arteritis
Aortitis
Sudden vision loss or eye muscle weakness
TIA or stroke

Side effects from steroid or immune-suppressing medications may also occur.

Most people make a full recovery, but long-term treatment (for 1 to 2 years or longer) may be needed. The condition may return at a later date.