Buerger's disease pathophysiology

Buerger's disease Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

Pathophysiology

There are characteristic pathologic findings of acute inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of arteries and veins of the hands and feet (the lower limbs being more common). The mechanisms underlying Buerger's disease are still largely unknown. It is suspected that immunological reactions play a role.

Overview

There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].

OR

[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].

OR

[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3]. [Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].

OR

Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.

OR

If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features: According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].

OR

The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].

OR

There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].

Classification

• There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].

OR

• [Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:
  • [Group1]
  • [Group2]
  • [Group3]
  • [Group4]

OR

• [Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on:
  • [Classification method 1]
  • [Classification method 2]
  • [Classification method 3]
• [Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on:
  • [Classification method 1]
  • [Classification method 2]
  • [Classification method 3]

OR

• Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.

OR

• If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features:
• According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].

OR

• The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].

OR

• There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].