Kidney stone risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
Risk Factors
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:
- Low urinary pH
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypercalciuria
- Hyperoxaluria
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyperuricosuria
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus
- Environmental - such as hot climate
- Drugs[1]
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:
- Hypocitraturia
- Beverage use
- Drugs[1]