Sideroblastic anemia classification

Sideroblastic anemia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Sideroblastic Anemia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Sideroblastic anemia classification On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sideroblastic anemia classification All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Sideroblastic anemia classification
CDC on Sideroblastic anemia classification
Sideroblastic anemia classification in the news
Blogs on Sideroblastic anemia classification
Directions to Hospitals Treating Sideroblastic anemia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Sideroblastic anemia classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nazia Fuad M.D.

Classification

Sideroblastic anemia may be classified according to its etiology into two groups:

• Congenital
• Acquired

Congenital sideroblastic anaemias
X-linked	X-linked sideroblastic anaemia (XLSA) X-linked sideroblastic anaemia with ataxia (XLSA/A)
Autosomal	Glutaredoxin-5 deficiency Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia (TRMA) Associated with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) Myopathy, lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anaemia (MLASA)
Mitochondrial DNA	Pearson syndrome

Acquired sideroblastic anaemias
Acquired reversible SA	Alcoholism Drugs (chloramphenicol, isoniazid) Copper deficiency (nutritional, zinc-induced, copper chelation) Vit B-6 deficiency
Acquired clonal SA	Refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) Refractory anaemia with multilineage dysplasia and ring sideroblasts (RCMD) Refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis (RARS-T)

sideroblastic anemias can be subdivided according to red blood cell size (microcytic or normocytic-to-macrocytic)

MCV decreased	MCV normal or increased
Isoniazid	Alcoholism
X-linked sideroblastic anemia (XLSA) in males	Copper deficiency
Autosomal recessive congenital sideroblastic anemia (ARCSA)	X-linked sideroblastic anemia (XLSA) in females
SIFD (ARCSA with immunodeficiency)	X-linked MLASA varian
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)	Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome
X-linked sideroblastic anemia with ataxia	TRMA
	MDS-RS-SLD
	MDS-RS-MLD
	MDS/MPN-RS-T

MCV: mean corpuscular volume; XLSA: X-linked sideroblastic anemia; ARCSA: autosomal recessive congenital sideroblastic anemia; SIFD: sideroblastic anemia with B cell immunodeficiency, periodic fevers, and developmental delay; MLASA: myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia; TRMA: thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia; MDS-RS-SLD: myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts and single lineage dysplasia; MDS-RS-MLD: myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts and multilineage dysplasia; MDS/MPN-RS-T: myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis