Disseminated intravascular coagulation natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

Complications

Common complications of DIC include:

Renal failure
Hepatic dysfunction
Acute lung injury
Neurologic dysfunction
Adrenal failure

Prognosis

Low levels of antithrombin at the onset if shock may predict an unfavorable prognosis. ^[1]
Prognosis depends upon the cause of DIC. ^[2]
The prognosis varies with the cause^[3]^[4]

References

↑ Hulka F, Mullins RJ, Frank EH (September 1996). "Blunt brain injury activates the coagulation process". Arch Surg. 131 (9): 923–7, discussion 927–8. PMID 8790176.
↑ Fourrier F, Chopin C, Goudemand J, Hendrycx S, Caron C, Rime A, Marey A, Lestavel P (March 1992). "Septic shock, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Compared patterns of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S deficiencies". Chest. 101 (3): 816–23. PMID 1531791.
↑ Gando S, Nanzaki S, Kemmotsu O (January 1999). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation and sustained systemic inflammatory response syndrome predict organ dysfunctions after trauma: application of clinical decision analysis". Ann. Surg. 229 (1): 121–7. PMC 1191617. PMID 9923809.
↑ Siegal T, Seligsohn U, Aghai E, Modan M (February 1978). "Clinical and laboratory aspects of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): a study of 118 cases". Thromb. Haemost. 39 (1): 122–34. PMID 580488.

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[pmid8790176-1] Hulka F, Mullins RJ, Frank EH (September 1996). "Blunt brain injury activates the coagulation process". Arch Surg. 131 (9): 923–7, discussion 927–8. PMID 8790176.

[pmid15317912-2] Fourrier F, Chopin C, Goudemand J, Hendrycx S, Caron C, Rime A, Marey A, Lestavel P (March 1992). "Septic shock, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Compared patterns of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S deficiencies". Chest. 101 (3): 816–23. PMID 1531791.

[pmid9923809-3] Gando S, Nanzaki S, Kemmotsu O (January 1999). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation and sustained systemic inflammatory response syndrome predict organ dysfunctions after trauma: application of clinical decision analysis". Ann. Surg. 229 (1): 121–7. PMC 1191617. PMID 9923809.

[pmid580488-4] Siegal T, Seligsohn U, Aghai E, Modan M (February 1978). "Clinical and laboratory aspects of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): a study of 118 cases". Thromb. Haemost. 39 (1): 122–34. PMID 580488.

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