Hairy cell leukemia laboratory tests
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia include abnormal complete blood count, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. The presence of hairy cells with thread-like cytoplasmic extensions on blood smear is a key diagnostic feature among patients with hairy cell leukemia.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia include:[1]
Complete Blood Count
- Anemia - Decreased hemoglobin concentration[2]
- Thrombocytopenia - Decreased platelets count
- Decreased WBC count
- Neutropenia
- Elevated BUN(Blood urea nitrogen)
- Abnormal liver function tests
- Hypergammaglobulinemia may be positive in small percentage of patients with hairy cell leukemia
- Leukocytosis
- Monocytopenia
Blood Smear
- Hairy cells with thread-like cytoplasmic extensions[2]
- Positive TRAP stain
Immunohistochemistry
- On immunohistochemistry, characteristic findings of hairy cell leukemia include:[2]
- Annexin A1 +ve
- CD20 +ve
- CD25 +ve
- CD103 +ve
Flow Cytometry
- On flow cytometry, characteristic findings of hairy cell leukemia include:[2]
References
- ↑ Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V (April 1994). "Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia". Leuk. Lymphoma. 13 (3–4): 307–16. doi:10.3109/10428199409056295. PMID 7519510.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Somasundaram V, Purohit A, Aggarwal M, Manivannan P, Mishra P, Seth T, Tyagi S, Mahapatra M, Pati HP, Saxena R (2014). "Hairy cell leukemia: A decade long experience of North Indian Hematology Center". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 35 (4): 271–5. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.144988. PMC 4264273. PMID 25538404.