Kaposi's sarcoma staging

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

There is no established system for the staging of Kaposi's sarcoma among immune competent patients. However, the staging of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma is based on the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) staging system. According to the ACTG staging system, there are 2 groups of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma based on the tumor size, patients immune status, and the presence of any systemic illness.

Staging

• There is no established system for the staging of Kaposi's sarcoma among immune competent patients.
• The staging of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma is based on the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) staging system. According to the ACTG staging system, there are 2 groups of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma based on the tumor size, patients immune status, and the presence of any systemic illness.

Factors	Good Risk (Subscript 0)	Poor Risk (Subscript 1)
Tumor (T)	Confined to skin and lymph nodes Minimal oral lesions (non-nodular kaposi's sarcoma confined to the palate)	Tumor-associated edema or ulceration Extensive oral lesions present Gastrointestinal lesions present Kaposi sarcoma present in other non-nodal viscera
Immune system (I)	CD4 T cell count ≥ 150/mL	CD4 T cell count < 150/mL
Systemic illness (S)	No previous history of opportunistic infection or thrush B symptoms are not present Karnofsky performance status score ≥ 70	Positive history of opportunistic infections or oral thrush B symptoms are present Karnofsky performance status score < 70

• Early stage groups, which are associated with a good risk, include T0I0S0.
• Advanced stage groups, which are associated with a poor risk, include any combination of the TIS system that is not T0I0S0. For example, poor risk groups include T0S0I1, T1S0I1, T0S1I1, T1S1I1, etc.

References

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