Thrombosis risk factor modifications
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]
Thrombosis risk factor modifications
In patients with known risk factor(s) of thrombosis formation, risk factor modification may be necessary for preventive purposes. Cost-effect analysis must be taken into account. The prevention process starts by prescribing anti-coagulant and anti-platelet drugs. For instance, the thrombosis prevention pharmacotherapy is routinely administered after major surgical procedures and in patients with hypercoagulability like antiphospholipid syndrome.
Behavioral modifications
- Weight loss: Obesity is a risk factor for thrombosis since adipose tissue produces estrogen, which is pro-thrombotic. Also, obesity contributes to relative immobility and venous stasis, which is a risk factor for thrombosis.
- Smoking cessation: Smoking is a risk factor for thrombosis because it contributes to endothelial damage.
- Exercise: Regular cardiovascular exercise improves blood flow and prevents venous stasis. Exercise is a prophylactic measure against the development of thrombosis.
- Age-appropriate cancer screening: Cancer is a known risk factor for thrombosis, as cancer cells produce thrombin and other procoagulants. Cancer screening is particular important for breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, and lung cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force provides guidelines for cancer screening for these specific cancers.