Cervical cancer differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nima Nasiri, M.D.[2]

Overview

Cervical cancer must be differentiated from other diseases that cause abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as cervical polyp, cervical leiomyoma, invasion of the cervix from primary uterine malignancy, vaginal cancer, cervical lymphoma, metastases to cervix, and cervical ectopic pregnancy.

Cervical cancer differential diagnosis

• Cervical cancer must be differentiated from a mass involving the cervix, and causing abnormal vaginal bleeding:

• Cervical polyp
• Cervical leiomyoma
• Cervical lymphoma
• Cervical sarcoma

• Metastases to the cervix
• Cervical ectopic pregnancy
• Cervical polyp
• Cervicitis
• Cervical erosion ( Ectropion )
• IUD use
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Endometriosis
• Adenomyosis
• Postcoital bleeding
• Clear cell adenocarcinoma

Diseases	Clinical manifestations															Para-clinical findings							Gold standard	Additional findings
	Symptoms												Physical exam			Lab Findings			Imaging			Histopathology
	Abnormal vaginal bleeding	Heavy menstrual bleeding	Postcoital bleeding	Premenopausal bleeding	Postmenopausal bleeding	Intermenstrual bleeding	Abnormal vaginal dyscharge	Pelvic pain or pressure	Itching or burning of the vulva	Abdominal pain	Weight loss	Vaginal/vulvar sores or change in color	Physical exam 1	Physical exam 2	Physical exam 3	Lab 1	Lab 2	Lab 3	Imaging 1	Imaging 2	Imaging 3
Cervical cancer
Cervical polyp
Cervical leiomyoma
Cervical lymphoma
Cervical sarcoma
Cervical erosion(Ectropion)
Cervicitis
IUD use
Pelvic inflammatory diseases
Endometriosis
Adnemyosis
Postcoital bleeding
DES exposure (Clear cell adenocarcinoma)
Paget's disease of vulva
Vaginal cancer