Leiomyosarcoma pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rekha, M.D.
Overview
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare cancerous tumor that consists of smooth (involuntary) muscle cells. Leiomyosarcoma is an aggressive type of sarcoma. It spreads through the blood stream and can affect the lungs, liver, blood vessels, or any other soft tissue in the body. The exact cause of leiomyosarcoma is not known, although genetic and environmental factors appear to be involved.It is most often found in the uterus or abdomen.
Pathophysiology
The pathogenesis of leimyosarcoma is characterized by malignant smooth muscle neoplasm that can appear in any site in the body but most commonly found in the uterus,small intestine and retro peritoneum.[1]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, leiomyosarcoma appears to be soft, large, yellow or tan solitary masses with fleshy cut surfaces and areas of hemorrhage and necrosis.
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis leimyosarcoma can have following morphological characteristics:
- Prominent cellular atypia,
- Abundant mitoses and
- Areas of coagulative necrosis Leiomyosarcoma of somatic soft tissue has a number of histologic subtypes including epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, myxoid leiomyosarcoma, inflammatory leiomyosarcoma, granular cell leiomyosarcoma and dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma.4 The clinical importance of these subtypes has not been well studied.[2]
Microscopic Pathology
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References
- ↑ Arnold LM, Burman SD, O-Yurvati AH (2010) Diagnosis and management of primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma. J Am Osteopath Assoc 110 (4):244-6. PMID: 20430913
- ↑ Bell SW, Kempson RL, Hendrickson MR (1994) Problematic uterine smooth muscle neoplasms. A clinicopathologic study of 213 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 18 (6):535-58. PMID: 8179071