Sexcord/ stromal ovarian tumors diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of choice
[Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
OR
The following result of [gold standard test] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
- [Result 1]
- [Result 2]
OR
[Name of the investigation] must be performed when:
- The patient presents with [symptom/sign 1], [symptom/sign 2], and [symptom/sign 3].
- A [name of test] is positive for [sign 1], [sign 2], and [sign 3] in the patient.
OR
[Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
OR
The diagnostic study of choice for [disease name] is [name of the investigation].
OR
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name].
OR
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name], but [disease name] can be diagnosed based on [name of the investigation 1] and [name of the investigation 2].
OR
[Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on the clinical presentation.
OR
Investigations:
- Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most specific test for the diagnosis.
- Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most sensitive test for diagnosis.
- Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most efficient test for diagnosis.
The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name]
| Test | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| Test 1 | ...% | ...% |
| Test 2 | ...% | ...% |
[Name of test with higher sensitivity and specificity] is the preferred investigation based on the sensitivity and specificity
Diagnostic results
The following finding(s) on performing [investigation name] is(are) confirmatory for [disease name]:
- [Finding 1]
- [Finding 2]
Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
The [name of investigation] must be performed when:
- The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
- A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
OR
The various investigations must be performed in the following order:
- [Initial investigation]
- [2nd investigation]
Name of Diagnostic Criteria
It is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
[Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
OR
There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
OR
The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
OR
The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
OR
[Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
- Criteria 1
- Criteria 2
- Criteria 3
OR
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria
The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
OR
The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
OR
The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
OR
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria
There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
Staging
The TNM staging for sex cord/stromal ovarian tumors is mentioned in the following table:[1][2][3][4]
| T category | FIGO stage | T criteria |
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed | |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor | |
| T1 | I | Tumor limited to ovaries (one or both) or fallopian tube(s) |
| T1a | IA | Tumor limited to one ovary (capsule intact) or fallopian tube,
no tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings |
| T1b | IB | Tumor limited to both ovaries (capsules intact) or fallopian tubes;
no tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings |
| T1c | IC | Tumor limited to one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, with any of the following: |
| T1c1 | IC1 |
|
| T1c2 | IC2 |
|
| T1c3 | IC3 |
|
| T2 | II | Tumor involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim or primary peritoneal cancer |
| T2a | IIA | Extension and/or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tube(s) and/or ovaries |
| T2b | IIB | Extension to and/or implants on other pelvic tissues |
| T3 | III | Tumor involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or primary peritoneal cancer,
with microscopically confirmed peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis and/or metastasis to the retroperitoneal (pelvic and/or para-aortic) lymph nodes |
| T3a | IIIA2 | Microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or
without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes |
| T3b | IIIB | Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or
less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes |
| T3c | IIIC | Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension with or
without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ) |
| N category | FIGO stage | N criteria |
| NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed | |
| N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis | |
| N0(i+) | Isolated tumor cells in regional lymph node(s) no greater than 0.2 mm | |
| N1 | IIIA1 | Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed) |
| N1a | IIIA1i | Metastasis up to and including 10 mm in greatest dimension |
| N1b | IIIA1ii | Metastasis more than 10 mm in greatest dimension |
| M category | FIGO stage | M criteria |
| M0 | No distant metastasis | |
| M1 | IV | Distant metastasis, including pleural effusion with positive cytology;
liver or splenic parenchymal metastasis; metastasis to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); and transmural involvement of intestine |
| M1a | IVA | Pleural effusion with positive cytology |
| M1b | IVB | Liver or splenic parenchymal metastases;
metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); transmural involvement of intestine |
References
- ↑ Meinhold-Heerlein I, Fotopoulou C, Harter P, Kurzeder C, Mustea A, Wimberger P, Hauptmann S, Sehouli J (October 2015). "Statement by the Kommission Ovar of the AGO: The New FIGO and WHO Classifications of Ovarian, Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Cancer". Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 75 (10): 1021–1027. doi:10.1055/s-0035-1558079. PMC 4629993. PMID 26556905.
- ↑ Duska LR, Kohn EC (November 2017). "The new classifications of ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer and their clinical implications". Ann. Oncol. 28 (suppl_8): viii8–viii12. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx445. PMID 29232468.
- ↑ Prat J (April 2015). "FIGO's staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum: abridged republication". J Gynecol Oncol. 26 (2): 87–9. doi:10.3802/jgo.2015.26.2.87. PMC 4397237. PMID 25872889.
- ↑ Saida T, Tanaka YO, Matsumoto K, Satoh T, Yoshikawa H, Minami M (February 2016). "Revised FIGO staging system for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum: important implications for radiologists". Jpn J Radiol. 34 (2): 117–24. doi:10.1007/s11604-015-0513-3. PMID 26696400.