T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qurrat-ul-ain Abid, M.D.[2], Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [3] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [4]

Overview

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia responds better when combinations of chemotherapy drugs are used. Monoclonal antibodies are a type of biological therapy that has been effective in treating certain types of leukemias.Splenectomy and external beam radiation therapy to the spleen may be used in some people with Prolymphocytic leukemia.

Medical Therapy

• The mainstay of therapy for T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include:

• Alemtuzumab (anti-CD52)

• T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is often resistant to therapy.

Chemotherapy

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia responds better when combinations of chemotherapy drugs are used. Some combinations that may be used are:

• CVP – Cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone.

• CHOP – Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone.

Other chemotherapy drugs (purine analogues) are often used to treat T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia are:

• Fludarabine
• Cladribine
• Pentostatin

Biological therapy

Monoclonal antibodies are a type of biological therapy that has been effective in treating certain types of leukemias. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy to treat prolymphocytic leukemia.

• Alemtuzumab seems to be particularly effective in treating T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. It may be used in people whose lymphoma is no longer responding to chemotherapy drugs like fludarabine.

Splenectomy or radiation therapy to the spleen

Splenectomy and external beam radiation therapy to the spleen may be used in some people with Prolymphocytic leukemia.